How to End a Conversation With Sayonara

The most effective method to End a Conversation With Sayonara Snap here for the exchange for Introducing People. 1. Short Questions When getting some information about someones name or nation and so on., an abbreviated type of an inquiry is frequently utilized. This leaves only the theme, which is said with rising inflection. O-namaeâ waâ (nan desu ka).â    (What is) your name? 㠁šå  Ã¥â€° Ã£  ¯Ã¤ ½â€¢Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š O-kuniâ waâ (dochiraâ desu ka).â   (Where is) your nation? 㠁šå› ½Ã£  ¯(㠁 ©Ã£  ¡Ã£â€šâ€°Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹)。 Go-senmonâ waâ (nan desu ka).â  (What is) your field of study? 㠁å °â€šÃ©â€"ۋ  ¯(ä ½â€¢Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹)。 2. The most effective method to End a Conversation Sayonara㠁•ã‚ˆã  ªÃ£â€šâ€°) isn't regularly utilized when leaving ones own home or places of transitory home except if one is leaving for an exceptionally prolonged stretch of time. On the off chance that you realize that you will see an individual again soon, articulations like Ja mata 㠁˜ã‚Æ'㠁 ¾Ã£ Ã¿) or Mata ashita (㠁 ¾Ã£ Ã¿Ã¦ËœÅ¾Ã¦â€" ¥) are used.Shitsurei shimasuâ (Ã¥ ¤ ±Ã§ ¤ ¼Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢) is a conventional articulation utilized while reporting that you are leaving someones nearness or when you are leaving before another person (for this situation, it is regularly said as Osakini shitsurei shimasu(㠁šå… ˆã  «Ã¥ ¤ ±Ã§ ¤ ¼Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢).) It is additionally utilized when going into a house or room, going before somebody, or leaving in a social affair. Dewaâ mata.â   See you later.â 㠁 §Ã£  ¯Ã£  ¾Ã£ Ã¿Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¢   â Jaâ mata.â   See you later. (less formal) 㠁˜ã‚Æ'㠁 ¾Ã£ Ã¿Ã£â‚¬â€š Mataâ ashita.â   See you tomorrow. 㠁 ¾Ã£ Ã¿Ã¦ËœÅ¾Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£â‚¬â€š Sayonara.â   Good-bye. 㠁•ã‚ˆã  ªÃ£â€šâ€°Ã£â‚¬â€š Shitsureiâ shimasu.â  I am going to leave.â (very formal)â â Ã¥ ¤ ±Ã§ ¤ ¼Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š

Kfc-Stratefy for Developing Free Essays

Kentucky Fried Chicken Strategic Plan-Part One Jeanette Cortez, Autumn Crowther, James Hopper Fernando Manaloto, Joe Newkirk, and Rita Salem International Strategic Planning and Implementation STR/GM 581 March 31, 2011 Dr. Tim Becker, MBA Introduction Kentucky Fried Chicken has been set up as an establishment in Latin America and the focal point of this arrangement will be the El Salvador establishment. The key administration process is fundamental and a very much spread out arrangement is essential. We will compose a custom exposition test on Kfc-Stratefy for Developing or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Thusly, by assessing the foundation of KFC, the result should prompt an unmistakable strategic vision explanation delineating the reason and objectives of the organization. Additionally, the crucial vision will keep all investors educated regarding the goals that ought to be met by KFC. â€Å"Defining the organization crucial one of the regularly insulted errands in vital management† (Pearce II Robinson Jr. , 2009, p. 42). A crucial out the organization’s objectives and essentially indicates the reason for the association. Choices and procedures can be built up after ecological checking is done alongside a Situational Analysis (SWOT). The vital procedure likewise includes as often as possible evaluating the business structure and picking key arrangement alternatives that help extend worldwide tasks. The two picked key alternatives that will be talked about will be item separation and cost initiative. This arrangement should give lucidity on how the choices and suggestions fit with both the serious circumstance and the hierarchical circumstance. Foundation Based in Louisville, Kentucky, Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) partnership is touted as the â€Å"world’s most well known chicken franchise† (KFC, 2011). KFC serves more than 12 million clients in 109 domains and nations all through the world (KFC, 2011). Popular for its Original Recipe Fried Chicken, there are â€Å"more than 5,200 cafés in the United States and in excess of 15,000 units around the world† (KFC, 2011). This organization whose initiation was in a service station in 1930 by Colonel Harland Sanders is currently possessed and worked by Yum! Brands, Incorporated. Starting at 2008, Yum! had incomes in overabundance of $11 billion and was positioned #239 on the Fortune 500 rundown (KFC, 2011). KFC Mission Statement, Vision and Strategy KFC’s Mission Statement is: â€Å"’The Association of KFC Franchisees, Inc. s joined to secure, advance and advance the common interests of all part franchisees and the Kentucky Fried Chicken framework. † (Association of Kentucky Fried Chicken Franchisees, Inc. 2006). KFC’s parent organization is Yum! Brands (Yum! ). Yum! ’s vision and system is â€Å"committed to proceeding with the achievement acknowledged during our initial ten years. Our prosperi ty has just barely started as we anticipate the future, one which guarantees a long runway for development, particularly on a universal level† (Yum! , 2011). KFC El Salvador likewise falls under Caribbean and Latin America Franchisee Association (CARIBLA). CARIBLA’s statement of purpose and destinations are â€Å"the strategic the CARIBLA Franchisee Association is to speak to, advance, and secure the general interests of all part YUM franchisees in Latin America and the Caribbean† (CARIBLA, 2011). Goals †Contribute to keep up and improve the benefit the eateries for the short and long haul (flexibly chain the board ventures). †Represent the members’ interests in various territories. †Defend and secure franchisees legally binding rights. †Communicate as one voice with YUM Restaurants International. (Affiliation Mission and Objectives,â para. 1). Qualities, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats | |Beneficial |Harmful | |Internal |Strengths |Weaknesses | |1. Buy intensity of buyer is rising. |1. Frachise cost is high. | |2. The greater part of Salvadorans salary is spent on food. |2. Rivalry is high in the business. | |3. Perceived overall brand name (15,000 overall areas. |3. Little nation popula ce. | |4. Quality and newness directed all through each establishment. | |5. Offers decisions of nearby food on menu. | |External |Opportunities |Threats | |1. Online Sales help benefits. 1. Outside items are presently elegant however intrigue could | |2. Presentation of new items. |decrease. | |3. Development because of rising economy (Continual Growth) |2. Financial atmosphere strength. | |4. Just present area in capital city †San Salvador biggest |3. Nearby providers are negligible. | |hub for voyagers. |4. â€Å"Pollo Campero† is a Salvadorian brand and entrenched | |chicken diner. | |4. Many cheap food contenders, for example, Burger King, McDonalds, | |Pizza Hut, and so on | Product Differentiation The objective of item separation is to expand benefits by expanding customer request and diminishing the interest of value flexibility. Associations commonly endeavor to separate their items through physical attributes, area, administration, and abstract picture contrasts. KFC’s item separation is generally affected by area, administration, and physical qualities. Purchasers esteem an assortment of items and on the grounds that every customer has various tastes, the association will endeavor to pry shoppers from current contenders by offering truly separated items. KFC must separate itself vertically, which means the organization will separate itself from contenders by the genuine nature of its items (Waldman and Jensen,â n. d. ). Be that as it may, KFC’s the executives should carefully pick upon its areas. The company’s biggest contender, Pollo Campero, works in 14 distinct areas in El Salvador and represents a high danger to the organization. Notwithstanding area, an organization’s items are exceptionally separated by administration. With the nearness of Pollo Campero, KFC must depend on great food as well as give outstanding client assistance that will hold its client base. Cost Leadership The cost initiative technique focuses on an expansive market. KFC has created solid relations with providers that utilization modest fixings. Furthermore, the association has the capital required to expand creation in resources. While this kind of venture speaks to a hindrance to section that numerous associations may not survive, this is a preferred position for the association. Moreover, KFC’s adaptability in gracefully chains, item separation, and simplicity in their creations gives the associations a serious edge over its rivals (QuickMBA. com,â 2010). End KFC is situated in Louisville, Kentucky and is auxiliary of Yum! Brands, and works in more than 109 nations. A KFC store in El Salvador works under three statements of purpose of Yum! , the Association of KFC Franchisees, and CARIBLA. KFC has unmistakable qualities, shortcomings, openings and dangers to be assessed before further extension in El Salvador. Item separation and cost authority are favorable circumstances that KFC uses in defeating contenders. Suggestions KFC has decisions to make in growing in El Salvador. One suggestion is for KFC to contact the solitary KFC administrator in El Salvador to convince him/her to open more establishments in San Salvador with an objective of increasing more name acknowledgment to venture into other El Salvadoran urban areas. KFC’s qualities and name acknowledgment will make more open doors in El Salvador. Another proposal is to have the solitary franchisee to see whether enthusiasm for opening new KFC stores exists among El Salvador’s business people. The franchisee could be paid a reward for selecting candidates that get establishment endorsement. Both of these proposals rely upon KFC rising to or outperforming food quality and client care of boss adversary, Pollo Campero, and by utilizing item separation and cost authority. References Kentucky Fried Chicken (2011). Recovered from KFC site on March 27, 2011: www. kfc. com. Relationship of Kentucky Fried Chicken Franchisees, Inc.. (2006). Relationship of Kentucky Fried Chicken Franchisees, Inc.. Recovered from http://www. kfcf. com/history. htm CARIBLA Franchisee Association. (2011). CARIBLA. Recovered from site on March 28, 2011: http://www. caribla. com/association_mission. htm Pearce II, J. A. , ; Robinson Jr. , R. B. (2009). Key administration: Formulation, usage, and control (eleventh ed. ). Waldman and Jensen. (n. d. ). Item Differentiation ; Strategy. Recovered from http://courses. umass. edu/resec732/docs/Waldman%20and%20Jensen%20Chapter%2013. pdf QuickMBA. com. (2010). Vi tal Management. Recovered from Step by step instructions to refer to Kfc-Stratefy for Developing, Papers

Types of Unsolicited Advice That Cause Stress

Types of Unsolicited Advice That Cause Stress Stress Management Relationship Stress Print Types of Unsolicited Advice That Cause Stress By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on November 12, 2019 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on November 12, 2019 Westend61 / Getty Images More in Stress Management Relationship Stress Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Great insights can come from asking for advice from an expert, or just from a friend who seems to have a good take on a certain topic of interest. Asking a group of people, even strangers, for advice can provide a great variety of helpful ideas. But what about when advice is offered when you didn’t ask for it? New mothers, college students, and people who work with the public may be more prone to getting unsolicited advice from friends, family, or strangers, but most of us experience it at times. And it doesnt always feel helpful. Unsolicited advice has the potential to create stress.?? Often it can feel like criticism more than support when someone offers their take on what you could be doing better.?? (Sometimes theyre not judging, and its our own defensiveness thats making the advice feel like criticism, and other times they are absolutely judging us and our feelings are spot-on.) The stress can be compounded if the advice-giver takes offense if their advice isnt welcomed and followed. When the advice doesnt feel right to you, this can put you in a difficult position and create frustration and even resentment on both sides. People who offer unsolicited advice may have pure motives (though this isnt always the case), but it doesnt always feel helpful. Understanding their motives, however, can be helpful. People give advice for many reasons, some of which are well-intentioned, others less so. It can be confusing knowing what to do with all the types of unsolicited advice that we encounter, so it helps to examine where the words might be coming from. Here are some common reasons people are compelled to give unsolicited advice. Helpful Motives Altruism: Often people offer advice just because of the simple reason that they think they can help you, and they want to make your life easier. Whatever the case, their motives are altruistic. Perhaps there’s something they know of that they think would work perfectly with your situation or personality, and they would love to hook you up with something that would improve your life or reduce your stress. Particularly if you are talking to them about a problem, even if youre just needing some validation or emotional support, people may assume you are looking them for answers, and might also be feeling pressure to supply those answers.Friendliness: Sometimes unsolicited advice is offered by a stranger as a way to start a conversation. It can also be offered by a friend to perhaps forge a connection. Friends often assume they can help you by offering you a solution, even if you didnt ask for one. This type of advice is well-meaning and can often be helpful.Excitement: Other times, un solicited advice comes from those who have found something that works for them, and they want to share it with the world. They see your situation as a perfect fit for this new product, tool or piece of wisdom that’s made their life so much better, and wish someone had told them about it sooner, so they share. Its also common for people who have faced the same challenges as you and found what was a great solution for them to want to share this solution, assuming their answer will affect you the same way. Whether or not the advice fits with your values or specific situation, this type of advice generally feels good to get. Less Helpful Motives Needing to Be Needed: People who offer unsolicited advice from this motivation may have a lot of knowledge in a certain area that pertains to your situation  and? they feel the  need to share it with people in order to feel valued, powerful, and important.??Feeling Helpless: If you’re sharing your feelings and frustrations with them, some people may want to help you and be trying to solve your problem for you as a way to help. If that’s what you were looking for, great. But if you just wanted a supportive ear or a little validation, sometimes people can’t tell the difference  and offer advice instead. They’re Sick of Hearing It: If you routinely share your problems and feelings with people as a way of venting, but take no steps toward solving your own dilemmas, let’s face it: even if they know that you just want to talk, they could be trying to get you to do something constructive rather than continually emoting. This only applies to some unsolicited advice situations, and , looking inward, you’ll know if this applies to you.Narcissism: Some people, particularly those with narcissistic tendencies,  need to be in the role of ‘teacher’ virtually all of the time, or perhaps just like to hear themselves pontificate. Their advice is often long-winded and not always appropriate to your situation, but about them more than any commentary on you.?? These people often cant imagine that their advice wont be the answer youre looking for, even if it doesnt fit your situation. This type of advice, though generally harmless, can feel less helpful, and is sometimes relevant to your situation, but often not. Much Less Helpful Motives Establishment of Dominance: Some advice-givers would like to take the role of ‘more knowledgeable person’ in the relationship dynamic, and giving advice puts them in that position.??Passing Judgment: Sometimes when people have seen something in you that they don’t like, they give unsolicited advice as a way to change it. This advice can often feel like an insult more than a genuine attempt to help.The desire for Drama: Believe it or not, some people love conflict, love hearing themselves argue, and get a feeling of personal power from telling others how wrong they are.?? Such people, consciously or unconsciously, tend to give lots of advice as a way of bringing up topics to debate. This type of advice has more to do with the advice-giver than with you, and it can sometimes feel like a subtle snub or a slap in the face, and leave you with an uneasy feeling, even if you don’t know why. Once you’ve thought about where advice can come from and examine your own thoughts and feelings to see if perhaps you’re being overly sensitive, you can better know how to handle unsolicited advice.

Wild Swans Three Daughters Of China By Jung Chang

Michael Accurso The book, Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China by Jung Chang, is a intimate memoir and a piece of history that shows life through generations. This book shows us the change and evolution of China through the lives of three women. Allow me to give a brief synopsis of who these women are so that it is easier to understand the story. The first woman that we live through is Yu Fang. Yu Fang’s father is looking for a way out of their miserable life so he arranges for her to be a concubine for the general. The general leaves her for many years and in his absence, she is lonely and constantly worried. Once the general returns, she gets pregnant with her daughter whom the general’s wife tries to take as her own until Yu Fang†¦show more content†¦As the book went on, I slowly began to lose a lot of interest, and I really was just hoping the book would end. My interest mostly began to dwindle at chapter 15. This chapter talks about the Cultural Revolution and Mao. They begin to talk about how Mao felt threatened, so he banned 39 artists, writers, and scholars for denunciation. (page 277). I don’t see really how this plays an important part in the main characters’ lives. It then goes more into detail about how Mao organized his own personal chain of command, and how people, like Mr. C hi, were arrested for denunciation. (page 282). I really couldn’t find the will to continue reading this book after this chapter. I want to hear more about the personal family struggle that the main characters had to endure. The reader probably doesn’t care much about Chairman Mao’s fears of unloyalty or strict laws that he had created. At this point in the book, it starts to feel more like a factual history book, not an account of family history and struggle. I personally have never been a fan of politics, and I have never been interested in politics, so, in chapters 16 and 17, when I started to read about the reds, blacks, and grays, I was very uninterested and confused. In order to keep the reader going, especially in a book this long, you need to make sure that you are engaging your audience with things that they want to read. Chang does a poor job of doing this, in my opinion, when she switches overShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jung Chang s Wild Swans : Thre e Daughters Of China1793 Words   |  8 PagesJung Chang’s â€Å"Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China† is a biography of three generations of women growing up in an era of China where the continued change in leaders and their politics contributed to their struggles as women. Women were seen as second class citizens in every aspect of their lives. Jung Chang begins the story with the life of her grandmother who was a warlord’s concubine, her mother’s life as the wife of a communist party leader, and her coming of age during the Cultural RevolutionRead MoreThe Book Of Wild Swans : Three Daughter Of China1234 Words   |  5 PagesQuyen Nguyen IB World History 11th Grade In the book of Wild Swans: Three daughter of China by Jung Chang tells about the experiences of the life of Chang’s Mother, Grandmother, and Chang herself. The book starts off with Chang’s Grandmother Yu-fang. She was forced to be a concubine for a warlord general at a young age. She eventually escapes with her child after marrying a wealthy doctor, she continue to raise her child even rejected by her husband’s family. De-hong a happy girl whoRead MoreAnalysis Of Ung Chang s Wild Swans1072 Words   |  5 Pagesung Chang’s Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China follows three generations of woman in China through live and political struggles. China’s transformation between 1910s and 1970s, was one of radical change and caused great suffering. The importance of Chang’s book is its in a women s point of view by showing the suffering and healing that occurred and to educate about the history of China through the Warlord, Japanese, and Mao rule . The book is laid out through three generations: grandma, mom,Read MoreWomen s Attitudes Towards Women1538 Words   |  7 PagesWomen in China: An Exploration of Women in Chinese Society as told through Wild Swans The Chinese have long been noted for the objectification and discrimination of women in their society. From foot binding, to paying for brides, to the view of women as second-class citizens, the Chinese have maintained a poor relationship in the way they treat women. Wild Swans examines China’s attitudes towards women by demonstrating the different social, political, and moral standards her (Chang’s) mother,Read MoreBook Review Wild Swans3272 Words   |  14 PagesBook Review Author: Jung Chang Title: Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China Publication: Simon and Schuster, London, 1991 1. Main Thesis In Wild Swans, Jung Chang describes the life of three generations of woman in her family. Beginning in the year 1909 and ending in present time, it gives an insight into almost eighty years of the cultural history of China. Jung Chang has said in a interview that her intention in writing Wild Swans was to show how the Chinese people, and in particular the womenRead More Wild Swans, by Jung Chang Essay1123 Words   |  5 PagesWild Swans, by Jung Chang The Chinese people have experienced rapid change, in government and culture in the 20th century. Although the common people seemed to have risen up against oppression from the ruling class, liberty and equality often remains out of their grasp. For centuries the dynastic cycle has dominated the culture and collective consciousness of the Chinese people. This process is characterized by unification, followed by prosperity and success, followed by corruption and instabilityRead MoreEvolution of China’s Gender Relations in Jung Chang’s Wild Swans2047 Words   |  9 PagesRelations in Jung Chang’s Wild Swans Christina Ku (Student ID: 050788207) Yunxiang Gao HST 555: Section II: History of Modern China I (1644-1949) Wednesday, November 14, 2007. As China faced new international pressures and the change to a communist society, gender relations transformed women from servants of men to full independent workers, who finally became soldiers of the communist state. In Jung Chang’s novel, Wild Swans, the three women – grandmother Yu-Fang, mother Bao-Qin and daughter JungRead MoreWild Swans : Three Daughters Of China1153 Words   |  5 PagesWild Swans: Three Daughters of China by Jung Chang provides a thoughtful and beautifully painful chronology of three generations of women through some of China’s harshest periods in history. This book review will proceed in two parts. The first will address the significant themes present in Chang’s novel. The second will go beyond literary analysis and delve into identifying the author’s own bias, and comment on the structure and perspective of Chang herself. This review will overview the themesRead MoreEssay on The Qing Dynasty1945 Words   |  8 Pages12/2 /11 World Civ. China 9:55 Mon, Wed Part A , Number 2 The Qing Dynasty, like all the Chinese Dynasties, began with an expectation of success. The Zhou Dynasty found such success within the â€Å"100 schools of thought†, while the Qin found success within trade and exploration which in the end, unified China (Russ). However, the Qing Dynasty found a different way to make their mark with the development of the Chinese Dictionary, forming Banner systems and population increase. Nevertheless, whileRead MoreMao Zedong1151 Words   |  5 Pagesmodernize China, but the results of this audacious move were horrific. He rebounded from his failures time and again, and used his influence to eliminate his enemies and to purge China of its old ways. Mao saw a brighter future for China, but it was not within his grasp; his Cultural Revolution was not as successful as he had wanted it to be. Liberator, oppressor, revolutionary, Mao Zedong was the greatest emancipator in China’s history, as his reforms and actions changed the history of C hina and of

Mcdonald s The World s Leading Fast Food Service...

The McDonald’s Corporation is the world s leading fast food service retailer. In 1948, This infamous fast food company initially began as a small hamburger stand in Des Plaines, Illinois. This restaurant which would soon become a market leading force. It was founded by two brothers, Dick and Mac Donald. McDonald’s currently has over 30,000 restaurants in over 100 countries. McDonalds serves nearly 47 million customers daily. It is one of the worlds most well-known brands and is a significant leader in the highly globally competitive food industry. McDonald’s has numerous social and economic influences across the world. Thus, McDonald’s has become an inherent aspect of various cultures world wide. Its menu consists of a very diverse food group. This includes foods such as; Hamburgers, Apple Pies, Sausage Biscuits, etc. McDonalds also implements locally adapted food menus. As there are McDonalds over 119 countries, the diverse cultures’ taste buds are different from European or US consumers. Although the menu may attract an array of customers, McDonald’s consistently makes minimal changes that will maximize results. As a result of many changes in the habits of many individuals world wide, competition and other factors such as the economy and profit loss, McDonalds attempts to continue new innovations and services. These attempts are in hope of maintaining old customers, attracting new customers and ultimately increasing revenue and profit. Over the past 60 years,Show MoreRelatedChannels of Distribution: McDonalds.871 Words   |  3 Pagesdistribution strategy with the underlying real life examples of McDonald s fast-food restaurants. The aim is to discuss McDonald s distribution channel and the way in which this fast-food restaurant chain gets its products to the market. In the theory of the Marketing Mix, place (distribution) determines where the product will be sold and how it will get there. In fact, as noted on www. mcdonalds.com, McDonald s is the leading global foodservice retailer, with more than 30,000 local restaurants serving nearlyRead MoreMcdonald s The World s Leading Global Food Service Retailer1409 Words   |  6 PagesSemester Paper McDonald s is the world s leading global food service retailer with over 36,000 locations in over 100 countries. More than 80% of McDonald s restaurants worldwide are owned and operated by independent local business men and women. The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios. In October 1948, after the McDonald brothers realizedRead MoreMarketing Plan For The Fast Food Industry Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pagesintegration of the innovations; either through strategic influences, cultural diversity, or the technological advancements has increased. Therefore, while launching the new products or assimilating the innovative change in the business processes or services, the requirement of the market plan is perceived efficient. It is also known that the development of the marketing plan supports the businesses to integrate the unique ele ments and attract the appropriate target audience. Moreover performing theRead MoreMcdonald s A Fast Food Restaurant1173 Words   |  5 Pages McDonalds brothers started in 1941 with a unique and attractive idea by opening a fast food restaurant and it was successful, and McDonalds was said to be the first of their kind in the fast food industry which gave a great opportunity to entering the market and shortly after that dominating it for years, they almost had no barriers for entry and they were also able to crush the rivalry old classical eat-in- restaurants with their unique idea of foods that were of a good quality, quickly assembledRead MoreMcdonald s Management Principles And Reward Systems1360 Words   |  6 PagesMcDonald’s is one of the most leading food service retailers in the world, with over 35,000 local restaurants in more than 100 countries. It s renowned for its cheeseburgers, hamburgers, chicken products, breakfast meals, desserts, french fries and shakes. Maurice and Richard McDonald first established the business in 1940 in San Bernardino, California and in 1954 Ray Kroc joined, where they built t he business into the most successful food chain and has become the most loved fast food brand around the globeRead MoreBurger King Marketing Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesis one of the world’s leading fast food restaurants with more than 12,170 restaurants in 76 countries throughout the world. The chain offers a range of burgers, sandwiches, salads and breakfasts, french fries, soft drinks and other food items. The company generates revenue from three sources: retail sales at company restaurants, franchise revenues and property income of restaurants that BKC lease or sublease to franchisees. (Marketwatch). A product can be an idea, service, good or any combinationRead MoreOperations Management : Mcdonald s Marketing Management1435 Words   |  6 PagesSummary 2 Introduction 3 About McDonald’s 4 Process of McDonalds 4 Operations management 5 Operations managers 5 Operation strategy of McDonald’s 5 Pricing strategies of McDonald s 6 Innovation at McDonald s to improve operations and services 7 Inventory management 8 The Just-in-Time (JIT) Approach 9 Just- in-Time (JIT) Approach in McDonald’s 9 Advantages and benefits of JIT approach 10 Capacity management 11 Capacity strategies 11 McDonald s capacity strategy 11 Quality management 12 Quality managementRead MoreMcdonalds and the Hotel Industry Case Study Analysis Essay1083 Words   |  5 Pagesone of the world’s strongest and most recognizable brands for its â€Å"world’s best quick service restaurant service experience† (Vandenbosch and Mark). This case study states that McDonalds plans to extend its brand into the hotel industry by opening a hotel in Illinois. The authors look at the hotel venture’s positioning options and the McDonald’s brand extension into a different product class. In order for McDonalds to successfully extend their brand into the hotel industry, they must manage their growthRead MoreMc Donalds Maketing Strategies Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pages‘McDonalds is the worlds leading foodservice retailer with more than 30,000 restaurants serving nearly 46 million people in more than 110 countries each day. In the UK, McDonalds and its franchisees employ 70,000 staff in 1235 restaurants. This is McDonalds 30t h year of operating in the UK. http://www.mcdonalds.co.uk/?f=y [accessed 16th November] Those infamous golden arches have come a long way since being established in 1940 by Dick and Mac McDonald. Ray Kroc, credited with the chainsRead MoreMcdonald s : The Biggest Fast Food Chain2903 Words   |  12 PagesSandhu carson heppell Introduction McDonald’s is the biggest fast-food chain in the world. The McDonald’s brand is worth about 95 billion dollars U.S., which leads the next place restaurant, Starbucks, by 78 billion dollars U.S. (Statista) McDonald’s makes the most money in fast food on the planet. 27.57 billion dollars U.S. was made in revenue in 2012(Statista). Currently, McDonald’s has over 35,000 restaurants operating all over the world in over 100 countries, which adds up to serving around 100

Gun Control Informative Essay - 1424 Words

Informative essay The United States is in a controversy of whether or not the Second Amendment is protecting our country or killing it. The United States owns approximately 250 million guns, nearly one for each citizen, and grows about 7 million each year. Experts believe that the Second Amendment in the Constitution is rational and legal, author of, Handgun Prohibition and the Original Meaning of the Second Amendment Don B. Kates states that the â€Å"Second Amendment protects an individuals right to possess a firearm unconnected with service in a militia, and to use that weapon for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home; however, they do not say that you can go around shooting people and claiming that you are†¦show more content†¦This method would be able to determine if the person has had any felonies, other major convictions, or any previous or current gang affiliation. Neither of the processes is cheap but it could help with the countries finance for how m any guns in the US are purchased each year. According to Fawn Johnson, author of â€Å"Gun-Buyer Background Checks Both Effective and Politically Achievable† states that â€Å"Background checks are easy when it comes to criminals. Ninety-five percent of the public and 74 percent of National Rifle Association members support a system that checks gun buyers against a list of felons.† Another article called †Will He Fight or Compromise† by author Farred Zakaria gives even more supportive information that goes with Johnson stating that â€Å"large majorities favor some commonsense controls: 85% of Americans support universal background checks; 80% support preventing those with mental illnesses from buying guns; 58% and 55%, respectively, would ban semiautomatic and assault-style weapons.† These collective pieces of research define what the majority of the people want, and what they find as proper measures. The next likely source of another method would be from the government’s decision which depending on which side you are on is either rational or irrational. 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Preperation Kit free essay sample

Setting time, place and social class. 5. Themes: What is the story/about? Major themes and subthemes 6. Point of view: The main character exposed, get access to thoughts and feelings. 7. Beginning/ending: Compare the beginning and the end. How do we get from A to B. Ending open ending? The reader makes up the rest/starts guessing = Beginning in medias res – in the middle of the race. 8. Title: Interpret the title a fitting title? an alternate title. 9. Message: 10. Evaluate: Non-fiction: 1. Present the text: title, author, genre, year topic/theme 2. Sender newspaper, magazine message/topic Receiver – possible reader (age, social class, etc. ) 3. Summarize briefly: 4. Major points/facts: Statistics and data 5. People: 6. Intentions: To inform, entertain, convince, persuade†¦ 7. Structure: Beginning/introduction Count paragraphs headlines – Ending/conclusion 8. Language: Academic = intellectual language etc. 9. Evaluation: Did I lose interest/focus? Was it interesting all the way why, why not? Was it written for me or another audience? Themes: 1. The Body Summarize: A) â€Å"A Bacon burger for fatso here and hold the lawsuits† by Judy Holland (2004) non-fiction B) â€Å"They’re not your husband† by Raymond Carver (1976) fiction The short story is about the controlling husband Earl Ober and his wife Doreen. Doreen works night shifts as a waitress, while Earl is in between jobs. When two men enter the coffee shop and begin talking about Doreen’s weight, Earl overhears their conversation and their remarks about Doreen he is extremely embarrassed. He forces Doreen to go on a strict diet and lose the weight. After she has lost the weight she her appearance changes completely and she is hardly recognized by her friends. Towards the end of the story Earl asks another man what he thinks of Doreen, but the man focuses his attention on the other waitress. He does not find Doreen attractive, but Earl needs immediate approval from the man to say that she looks good. The man never comments on Doreen and Earl doesn’t get what he wants from it. 2. Australia Facts: * Rabbit Proof Fence * The stolen generation Aborigines Indigenous population (indfodte) Aborigines has been living in Australia for 30,000 years. * Penal colony 1788- 1840 convicts got a one way ticket to Australia due to full prisons in the U. K. rought diseases and the indigenous people died. * Gold rush Moved to Australia to dig gold. * Ayers Rock Large sandstone rock formation in the southern part of the Northern Territory, central Australia. * Opera House Danish architect – Utzon. * Australia is the oldest continent in the world. * White population Anglo-Australian Capt. Cook discovered Australian in 1770 * Darwin evolution theo ry. Themes: * Clash of cultures â€Å"One of my best friend’s† (Short story) The main character inherited prejudice from Dad Football field a symbol of A war – two groups fighting – dirty tricks. Willy gets the main characters trust, to get his revenge Conflict between the white/Anglo-Australian population and the aborigines/indigenous people. Point of view exposes him for who he really is. We get access to his feelings and thoughts. Australian motto: Don’t worry Summarize: A) â€Å"One of my best friends† by Peter Goldsworthy (1994) short story In the short story One of my best friends the author describes how he befriends an aboriginal, boy at school named Willy. Willy is described as a typical aboriginal stereotype; he is a loner, looks different and acts differently from the other kids in the school. The author gives him a chance to be different from this stereotype by being friendly with him and standing up for him even when he gets picked on. However, at the end of the story he realizes that despite what he thought in the beginning Willy acts and behaves like a typical aboriginal. Like his father always said ‘once a boong, always a boong†. He also says that kids they don’t really notice the difference in each other as much as when you’re older. His parents were even willing to adopt him because the two boys became quite close; though Willy was just happy doing what he was doing, being a typical â€Å"abo†. B) â€Å"N’Goola† by Katharine Susannah Prichard (1956) short Story 3. The American Frontier: Facts: * The massacre at â€Å"Wounded Knee† Approximately. 300 men, women and children were killed at â€Å"Wounded Knee† in 1890. * The end of Indian freedom after they were kept at the reservations The wars lasted 30 years 1860 – 1890 One million Indians 250. 000 (1910) – 750. 000 (1970) * 1824: BIA Bureau of Indian Affairs * Immigrants arrived on Ellis Island they were checked for sickness. * Indians weren’t immigrants But a minority The great famine in Ireland caused many Irish people to move to America 1845 – 1852 Boat they travelled to The United states on: Jennie Johnston. * Prejudice: No Irish need apply The Irish population in America built the railway. 1776: Declaration of Independence (former English colony) Vocabulary, terms, etc. * Painted, striped face * The Frontier Gr? nselandet * Noble savage * Blood-thirsty warrior * Flame on the Frontier – Flame war, struggle, conflict, Frontier alliteration (bogstavsrim) Relating texts to each other: Flame on the frontier Little Big Man Raised by Indians Similar destiny – the setting is the same: The Frontier Indian attack raised by Indians some return to the white family. Role of the language STICK TO IDENTITY. Indian names – white and Indians names! Themes: * Clash of cultures Summarize: A) â€Å"Flame on the Frontier† by Dorothy M. Johnson (1949) short story B) â€Å"Wounded Knee† by Dee Brown, non- fiction 4. The Civil Rights Movement: Summarize: A) â€Å"The Ballot or The Bullet† by Malcolm X (1964) non-fiction/speech B) â€Å"Invisible Man† by Ralph Ellison chapter 1. 1952) novel excerpt 5. South Africa: Facts: * â€Å"Cry freedom† Steve Biko – Black activist (banned) Donald Woods – A white editor (who fled from South Africa with his family + his book about Biko was published) * 1 994: Nelson Mandela was elected Other historical events around that time = 1989 Berlin wall came down / 1992 The soviet Union, became Russia (Democratic) + Denmark won the European championship * 1947: Apartheid was introduced after WW2 * â€Å"The bench† – During Apartheid The main character Karlie: â€Å"That needs much thinking†. He belongs to the inferior race in South Africa growing awareness, while listening to the speech. He takes action He sits on a â€Å"Bench† and refuses to get up and leave, when a Reference to Rosa Parks, who initiated the Montgomery Buss strike in the states during the Civil rights movement He smiles when he gets arrested, because it’s like a victory for him Sayings: * A rainbow nation A nation consisting for multiple races/different race. Summarize: A) â€Å"The Guilt† by Rayda Jacobs (2001) short story B) â€Å"Dead Man’s shoes† by David Evans (1998) short story 6. The City: Non-fiction â€Å"Sa laam Brick Lane† By Tarquin Hall’s – The author lived abroad for several years and when he returned he was unable to recognize his city (London) No relatives in London. The east(end) – The working class/immigrants (Garbage, prostitution, Jack the Ripper, crime) / The west(end) – The wealthy people – Affluent areas? Apartments in the East End are affordable and the West End is expensive. Themes: Cultural clashes * â€Å"London’s Comings and goings† Urban (in the city) areas Many immigrants in urban areas (Latin: Urbs = city) Rural (in the country) areas – Native English people move to rural areas, to settle down. Fiction * â€Å"Loose change† By Levy – The main character A female Londoner, who believes that one shouldn’t talk strangers/One shouldn’t be interested in others (One should mind their on business) She thinks about other people’s opinion of her the impression she makes on others. The ending: About to help but leaves instead. The Londoner has mixed feelings towards the young girl = Pity/disgust Side remark: You can talk if you are â€Å"members of the same club†, dog owner, parents etc. People in the cities have a â€Å"do not disturb aura I’m busy, don’t interrupt me, but in small villages/local communities you do say hello, because people is interested in people life’s etc. The city = Anonymous part of the crowd. * â€Å"Little tales of N. Y. † By Tillman – fragments small stories about events going on in New York City. * â€Å"The city† By Martin Crimb (a play) – Lack of bonding/proper co mmunication, loneliness, boredom, sex and love etc. They don’t listen to each other, but they talk at each other. Themes: Relationship, family, identity, religion/god. Themes: Clash of cultures – Mixed feelings prejudice ambivalent

Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essays

Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essays Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essay Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essay On the 25th January 2011, the Egyptians surprised the whole universe, the rich and the hapless people, old and immature, civilian and the ground forces. Cipher could hold really understood that such protests and ailments would hold congregated such power and domination besides after the false parliaments that have taken topographic point in the elections it was noticeable that dishonesty and fraudulence will increase. On the contrary, that protest pace which so became the revolution was go oning by the Egyptian young person after several old ages of ailments on many different communicating organisations, including webs like Face book and Twitter that played an of import function at that clip. Furthermore, Wael Ghoneim participated in the success of the Egyptian revolution as he convinced all those who watched the Ashera Masaan plan on Dream Two to travel fight for their rights, he touched the people by making their emotional interior which is the chief motive in order to acquire to the required desire by shouting in forepart of the telecasting about what goes in Egypt from offense and poorness and imploring to hold mercy on the Egyptian people, yet all the society was traveling down the streets to protect their edifices and household from the Islamic brotherhood who were cloping frights to the peoples head and the silence of the National Domestic Party, besides the constabulary who were go forthing stations, and losing their inmates to assail the dissenters. -Women before and after the twenty-fifth revolution, before the revolution the Egyptian people normally believe that adult females are inferior to work forces, The Egyptian adult females were used to avoid contact with work forces who were non in their household connexions, while after the twenty-fifth revolution, adult females have their rights ; they learnt how to state their sentiments and positions, besides the adult females s strong part in Egypt s protests against the Mubarak supervisings or governments has a positive coverage to the political equality that have took topographic point in the Tahreer Square, many adult females were processing to take their rights and civil autonomies, yet this happening highlighted the cardinal effects of supporting the adult females s rights in Egypt and may keep back the enduring developments towards educating the adult females s political rights in the state. -In add-on after the revolution, all people were connected together manus in manus in order to protect and clean their state. Egyptian people were and still naming everyone to healthful Egypt by those things foremost to purchase local merchandises, 2nd to halt cheering and learn to listen to each other, 3rd to maintain the streets clean by painting them, and last but non least naming the tourers to come back and see our cherished state which have tonss of fantastic topographic points to see. Furthermore, Muslims and Christians were one psyche at the clip of the revolution contending to take their rights and now they are much connected to each other and happening ways to protect their mosques and churches as Egypt has been good familiar with its faith, values and rules. -Indentifying the Populaces: Egypt was known and will ever stay as one of the astonishing states in the universe due to its outstanding historical pyramids, Luxor and Aswan. Nothing will of all time impact Egypt s beauty in the eyes of the universe, hence I encourage and persuade all Italians, British, and Russians to come and see Egypt after the breathtaking revolution which was accomplished by the Egyptians on January 25th in the release Square that has now become a touristic country which people from all over the universe speak about and are so eager to see it and to experience the hurting and felicity which the Egyptian young person have created in Egypt. Tourist Plans Campaign The sense of To move the sense of the Egyptians, unenthusiastic and build a dwell taken at the first attainment of the cognition of the state of conflict by the full of significance, the land of the war with a broad-start is in that reimbursement of periegesis underscore the mark of the seven recognized before the witnesss. Mixing with the crowd to councils, mills, session of the philosophy of print advertisement and out of the stuff Broadcasting / advertisement will be the Customer, or derive the overall efficaciously blow. To be infected with the war On both sides, it shall be done within the grades of the first portion I will beef up the services of a war which is revolving with an although, harmonizing to an exact and in the mode to the consequence of all the mark Promotional Views. The perigees will be underpinned the rewards of the cognition of such activities six: 1. Known to a better Tourist Lifes This was the foundation of the first stage to the cognition of the individuality of perigees war. Will continue utilizing the same expedition, I extended the expression and experience standardize and of all the relevant under the expedition might hold recognized this belonging to the different labor. But merely as alterations to subject to an individuality for its ability to upgrade the reply to the rule of the listeners of the draw. 2. With the cooperation of the Alliess Fabio s, the war of the will hinge on execution of the foundation of the family of the assorted stakeholders the efficient repasts. And here, the object of duty of organizing the land of Egypt, has hired director tungsten perigees with the remainder of the Alliess this one of the sectors: Private sector of my comrades: depends on type of activity, Telecom sectors can be different so that, juridical, etc. It is of involvement should be put in each of efficient contact is at manus. This elect cooperate with the associations to take portion to suit the defender of a co-addition to the disbursal of the cogent evidences have been early. 3. Communicationss package To raise the Profile of the war and get the advice and the support of the assorted stakeholders, while the full selling communications plan designed for, it will be implemented. Any one is, the needy, Target Audience selling communications best a piece of the instruments of which is extended to the ears. 4. The communicating of the Public Relations Program Marker between different sorts of communications tools will be got ready, Public Relations are the most of import of its ability to shoot credibleness in the war s of operation. Further they can adnotacione Public Relations of the remarkable grade the State had different sections of the tenement of the metropolis. For if the history of the topographic point Published in Print Media, I will stretch lying in around about. 5. The cognition of expeditions Plan Designs of all wars is a quality know that to be done is to take attention in and harvest consequences all right. Thingss are established, the stages of Planning, for the undermentioned cardinal stairss: The Project web perigees shall pull off the populace to carry on attitudinal research to take the perceptual experiences of scruples and to the positions of the Egyptians, and travelers will perigees. The research by the art of efficaciously expose the kid is important gage grades of scruples to the sector of State. Or Event elite, oecumenic, it is to eat of consciousness have been done research consequences. This province of personal businesss so all the military personnels the will of stakeholders perigees page, perigees undertakings, a Government of Egypt, arts institutes, and of the media. From the commission I will be the keeper of the cognition of perigees to name a council and in Latin execution of the cognition of victory in war. 6. Develop the communicating of the programs of the run tools Print stuff the consciousness that the mark the seven requests of the land will be supported by circulating print customized Promotional stuff for a war, and the points. And it is its distribution of Posters, Flyers, booklets and through the schools of the offices of the Central After the Egyptian, Social Security Corporation, leaves and inserts. Further Promotional stuff for school as mugs with sackcloth, Bumper Stickers, etc. it shall be repaid. Matter and CDs to be stable as the value of the Promotional and a big Scheme: Tourism is considered to be a really important activity for the whole Egyptian population ; it accounts for 11 % of the entire Egyptian GDP and employs more than 2 million Egyptians ( Feuilherade, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to the old Vice President, Omar Soliman ; during the yearss of the twenty-fifth January revolution, Egypt has lost around 1 billion dollars in touristry. For any run to be successful it needs to hold clear guidelines and schemes to follow. The chief scheme for get the better ofing the crisis of Tourism that occurred in Egypt after the revolution is likely encouraging integrated attempts between different population groups for the interest of bettering the touristry conditions in Egypt. These conditions include, the intervention of tourers, the safety and security, services offered and so on. The integrating of attempts is non merely including the populaces ; who are straight affected by the touristry industry. But, it should besides include the whole public society because seemingly everyone in the Egyptian society is affected by touristry either straight or indirectly. Cardinal Messages: There are really different groups that have been affected by the touristry crisis in Egypt. Therefore, messages used should be tailored in a manner that can suit different mark groups in order to do it easy accepted and in order to do people willing to move upon. Messages used should be appropriate, meaningful, memorable and apprehensible by different targeted groups ( Yeomanz A ; Tench, 2006 ) . The followers is an illustration of the messages that can be used with different groups of the populaces ; Probably the most of import populaces for the touristry in Egypt are the media, tourers, the policymakers and legal organic structures, workers in the field of touristry and directors and proprietors of touristry concerns. First, the media should be inspired to demo the positive side of the revolution alternatively of the negative 1. For illustration, demoing the streets that have been cleaned after the revolution and how the Egyptians are acquiring more civilised and are caring more about their state. The media is usually looking for a good narrative that attracts people ; nevertheless, sometimes the messages communicated give hapless image of the state. Therefore, the media should be send messages about the economic and societal consequence of losing touristry for the whole Egyptian society and besides for Egypt s repute and image all-over the universe. Second, the tourers likely play the major function ; because they are the 1s who decided whether to see Egypt or non. The media may be helpful at this clip ; it can demo aliens a positive image for the Egyptian intervention to the tourers. Tourists need to see how the Egyptians are acquiring more respectful to them and how they are willing to welcome tourers in their state. Furthermore, tourers should be shown the positive side which is the clean streets, the planted trees and so on. Third, the legal organic structures should be encouraged to reform new policies and ordinances that make the tourers feel safe when sing Egypt. For illustration, harmonizing to Mr.Maher Moussa, an Egyptian circuit usher ; he stated that after the revolution when there were about no police officers ; the gross revenues people at the Egyptian bazaars where handling the tourers really bad and they were drawing them from their shirts in order to buy merchandises. Tourists at that clip did non happen anyone to assist them ; seemingly they did non experience safe at all. Therefore, the policymakers should be told these narratives and should be encouraged to return the touristry safe as it was before the revolution. Forth, the workers in the field of touristry demand to be sent a message emphasizing on the fact that touristry is important for them and for keeping or even bettering their life criterions. They need to be encouraged to develop and better the manner they treat tourers and besides necessitate to be encouraged to stay commitment to their work and make non look for other options such as exchanging their callings or immigrating. Gross saless individuals should be treated the ethical behaviour and should be trained on how to pull tourers to make purchases in a polite and appealing manner. Fifth, the directors and touristry concern proprietors besides play a critical function for the success of touristry and returning it back to the original place. Tourism companies should be encouraged to believe of the positive side of the revolution and seek to take benefit every bit much as possible in order to be able to return touristry back. They should be motivated to go on runing through messages stating them that touristry can be better after the revolution. For illustration, Grecian people booked tickets to see Tahrir Square although it was non a historic memorial but people are acquiring attracted to see the topographic point where the Egyptian protests met to inquire for their rights ( Al-Arabia, 2011 ) . The above are considered being the populaces that are straight affected by touristry ; nevertheless, these are non the lone groups that messages should be communicated to. Schools, universities, pupils and normal Egyptian citizens may besides play an indirect function in bettering the Egyptian image all-over the universe and pulling more tourers to see the state. The crisis direction run should get down raising the consciousness of schools and universities for the interest of bettering the touristry state of affairs. Schools and universities should besides be sent messages that need to be delivered to pupils to raise their consciousness about the issue and its credibleness. After directing the appropriate messages to each targeted group, the crisis direction run needs to measure and measure the effectivity and the success of the run. For illustration, increasing the figure of tourers or acquiring positive feedbacks about tourers journeys in Egypt may be indexs of success of the run. The following table gives a brief sum-up for the messages to be communicated, to which groups and what are the success indexs ; Situation Analysis: Egypt s Tourism Crisis after 25th Revolution: As Egypt s national net income is based on its strong historical narratives that revolved around its different metropoliss. Tourism has been one of the most of import factors of allowing foreign currencies every bit good as people with different nationalities enter Egypt. As a consequence of the revolution, an international fiscal crisis had arisen between Egypt and different states. Most of the European tourers who come and visit Egypt late, their rate has decreased in a theatrical manner. After the extremum that was in presence all around Egypt, many of the reserves in footings of aeroplane seats, hotel engagements, and concern meetings have been decreased in their sums. ( Mwathe, 2011 ) In order to do a successful Tourism Media Public Relations run, this situational analysis must be put in consideration in order to cognize what type of message will be sent to the audiences across the chief subject Tourism and its betterments. The Campaign Goals A ; Aims: The Media s Goals and Aims towards Tourism after 25th Revolution: Any run that is in the edifice phases must put ends and aims in order to cognize what job they are seeking to work out, what message they are seeking to direct to audiences and what communicating and media tools they will be able to utilize. Harmonizing to Egypt s touristry instance, Media s ends and aims should be settled in a manner that will assist to better the touristry as an industry, and get the better of the crisis after what happened in 25th of January. These ends and aims will assist sellers in taking media tools and make up ones minding what to set in them. On of the most of import end and aim that the media must concentrate on harmonizing to touristry is that to in increase the sum of tourers coming to Egypt once more the end through the aim which is increasing the flights sums and hotel engagements. Targeted Audiences: The whole Public Relations run beside the media epoch is aiming chiefly aliens who are located outside Egypt. They are chiefly Europeans, and Asians. As a consequence of that, this media run must construct up the appropriate communications tools with the cardinal message of the run, and construct them up in the right manner to make the targeted populaces Europeans and Asians and allow them convey the message and understand it as it should be understood. Media and Communication Tools: Tourism Media Campaign Communication Tools: Communication tools are elements and objects that are used to convey the message from the run to the targeted audiences. They normally are the chief factors in the media run that will assist in accomplishing the ends and the aims of the run. The message could be conveyed through articles, wireless, telecasting, World Wide Web, event sponsorship, or even a whole aggregation of imperativeness releases. Harmonizing the touristry media run, the chief media tools that will be used are telecasting, World Wide Web, and event sponsoring. Television: Through Television media tool used for a touristry run, picture should be directed and produced as a recorded picture on touristry topographic points in Egypt, for case, Luxor and Aswan, the pyramids, Sharm el Sheikh resorts, and so forth, that will pull tourers to make non lose what history and civilisation Egypt has made. In add-on, to tourism countries all around Egypt in the picture, famous person indorsement could be used. Through utilizing famous persons that are known locally and internationally, the message transmitted will be more sure and tourers will be attracted to come and see Egypt s history, visit every museum, every temple, and so forth. Besides, sellers could emphasize on tourers emotional facets in which their feelings gets connected which Egypt as a state, and bear to them in head that these emotions will be satisfied when they visit Egypt. The Television tool began with a little picture that was made right after the twenty-fifth revolution, From Egypt with Love ( Boyd, 2011 ) It was promoting Egyptian people to handle tourers in a friendly manner and in the same clip, the message is transmitted to tourers that the Egyptians are sort and welcoming to anyone who come and visit the state ( mention to the Video s Screenshot in Appendix 3 ) . ( Boyd, 2011 ) World Wide Web: The cyberspace and World Wide Web now plays an of import function in the media sector, as it is a spider web that connects the whole universe and makes it as a one united island. Internet could be used in touristry media run through doing groups on Face book, chirrup and all societal webs that anyone could fall in them. They could include information about how strongly the touristry is traveling to be after the twenty-fifth revolution and what good alterations have been made to the touristry in Egypt. Besides, web sites could be designed for information about every touristry topographic point that is recommended for sing in Egypt including history, images, and even pictures to allow tourers acquire attracted and become emotionally affiliated with Egypt. Besides, this will increase the demands to the aliens to come and bask what they have seen in real-life. Taking Face book as an illustration to World Wide Web Media, there are one of the runs that already started directly after the re volution incorporating two groups about lasting and acquiring the life back to the touristry in Egypt. These two groups have made a immense impact on tourers and aliens Facebook users all around the universe trusting that it will better Egypt s touristry image internationally. ( Refer to one of the group s Profile Picture in Appendix 3 ) . ( Ling, 2011 ) Event Sponsoring: Sponsorship generates a monolithic opportunity for any type of companies in which it helps to widen the good repute through sing company s image, position, and everything that makes the company unique through supports of certain events that will increase the attending of the targeted audience. ( Khera Communications, Inc. , 2011 ) This event sponsorship could be an effectual manner to pass on with tourers all around the universe, particularly when Egyptian companies sponsor international events or frailty versa. Through making these sorts of sponsorships, aliens will cognize and detect that despite all the series of events that happened in Egypt is still and seeking to be in a high place in the economic system of the universe. In my sentiment, for acquiring back touristry to its normal rhythm in Egypt, Egyptian companies must patronize international events in order to remain connected with international audience and pull them to the state to be interested in the long-term to come and see Egypt. Besides, for international companies Egypt must do life easier to them in order to be easy located in Egypt and this will assist them patronize Egyptian events, for case, athleticss events, charity events, that will construct trust between Egypt and different States. Through following these stairss in constructing a media public dealingss run to the touristry in Egypt, it will assist in an tremendous manner to better Egypt s image to the outside universe, non merely see the dark side of the image. Furthermore, the message delivered from the state Egypt to the targeted audiences aliens will be sent and understood efficaciously Communication Process Appendix 3 and there will be no noise nor distraction in the message s process/ Egypt was ever known with its trueness, loving, kindness and so forth to its visitants and even its citizens, and this image must be the same till terminal of life clip, And as the picture said through one of the picture runs, Egypt We Love You !

Comparing Themes in Bram Stokers Dracula essays

Comparing Themes in Bram Stoker's Dracula essays Perhaps the most entertaining thing about entertainment is deconstruction. To uncover a unifying theme or premise in a story is to understand, to realize the author's vision. In the case of such a classic as Bram Stoker's Dracula, it seems strange to find such difference between text and film. This paper will analyze the unifying theme of both the book and the movie and try to understand, from the creator's viewpoint, the factors that lead to the construction of two very different and equally strong ideas. Bram Stoker's original classic novel takes the reader through a cultural and political time-warp to a highly-educated aristocratic English folk at the end of the 19th century. From the first chapter on it is quite clear that the world has changed since this novel was written. The journal-style narrative gives the reader insight into the minds of characters that are completely different then any modern fiction paperback. It is very easy to see that these characters have a certain cultural pedigree which leaves them with a love of morality, spirituality, community, friendship, and a general faith in the goodness of humanity. These ideas are the real foundation for the story's theme. The obvious good vs. evil storyline is grounded in an epic God vs. Satan struggle for which the heroes fight on the side of the glory of God. In any form of storytelling you have a very clear difference between core themes and content. For a book that is hailed as the centerpiece of early goth literature, it lacks a core theme that identifies clearly as gothic or even negative. It seems that the preoccupation with the details of vampires is simply the content of the novel and not the core. At the beginning and the very end of the novel the core message is incredibly uplifting and spiritual. In the face of sheer evil, every character is shaken to the point where nothing else can guide them but their faith in god. At some point in every character's jour ...

MP3 Players PowerPoint Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MP3 Players - PowerPoint Presentation Example s, I searched the internet to find the detailed specifications of the mp3 players I and other acquaintances were familiar with and using them in practical life. I was already familiar with the software which comes as a part and parcel of the operating systems like Windows Media Player and Itunes by Apple. Third party software came as additional add-ons with other software packages of sound cards and speaker systems for computers. Moreover such third party mp3 software are frequently advertised on various web sites. The software industry is primarily focused on developing media rich web sites where entertainment can be at your fingertips. When computers are inaccessible or cannot be carried along, like on mountaineering trips and other outdoor excursions then the portable mp3 players come into the picture. Advanced electronics technology has miniaturized the music players while retaining the sound quality along with long lasting power packs so that music can be enjoyed in all sorts of places and circumstances. The software was developed concurrently with the operating systems and has become more functional, error free and user friendly along the course of history. Even little kids face no problem in handling software mp3 players on their personal computers as the software operation is dependent on visually attractive and easy to understand controls. The music is located in convenient folders automatically by the software, such as ‘My Music’ and stored in the mp3 as well as other formats. Alternatively one can store the files in personal folders by naming them with conspicuous titles for easy access. Visual graphics have been incorporated with the music titles and artists which are downloaded automatically by software like the Windows media Player 11 and Apple Itunes. These two as well as other software players such as RealPlayer and MusicMatch Jukebox have separate packages of these players for different versions of the operating systems such as Windows XP,

What Role does Bundle Sheaths Play in C4 Plants Essay

What Role does Bundle Sheaths Play in C4 Plants - Essay Example Bundle sheath cells are the major site of refixation of the CO2 and C4 acid decarboxylation. The mesophyll cells also concentrate the CO2 and send it to the bundle sheath cells. NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) are expressed in the bundle sheath cells of the C4 plants. They are the major enzymes responsible for the refixation of the CO2 from the C4 acid. (Nomura et al. 2005). In C4 leaves, each vein is surrounded by a ring of the bundle sheath cells surrounded again by the mesophyll cells. These bundle sheaths have the chloroplasts arranged centrifugally with the large starch granules and unstacked thylakoid membranes. In the bundle sheath cells ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme accumulates extensively. The specific enzyme activity can be easily determined by using the non aqueous fractionation techniques and pulse labeling techniques. (Majeran et al. 2005).

Towards A Self Sufficient Prison Model Criminology Essay

Towards A Self Sufficient Prison Model Criminology Essay The cost of arresting and sentencing an offender has been calculated at $150,000, with every year spent in prison costing an additional $90,000 (Prison Fellowship New Zealand, 2012). In New Zealand there are over 8,000 prisoners incarcerated, the cost of housing inmates therefore totalling up to a substantial bill for the Government and taxpayers alike. Despite the millions of dollars being infiltrated into the correctional system, recidivism rates are still relatively high, with 44 % of people being released from prison, reoffending and being re-imprisoned within a three year period (Department of Corrections, 2009). Such figures are not unique to New Zealand, with the likes of the United States and United Kingdom facing larger overheads with similarly dissatisfying results in reducing reoffending. Quite contrastingly, in Nordic countries even an imperfect comparison suggests reoffending appears far less of a problem, with the overall reoffending rate over a two year period varying from the lowest in Norway at 20% to the highest in Sweden with 30% (Kristofferson, 2010). Due to variation in measuring methods between countries, caution must be taken in comparing these figures, but that aside one other possible explanation for lower reoffending rates in Nordic countries is the progressive and unique correctional methods which have been implemented there. Centred on openness, personal growth and ecology, the common aim is not to overtly punish but to focus on the rehabilitative needs of prisoners. Inspired by the particular success of Norways self-sufficing prison Bastoy and with the goal of uncovering an alternative to the traditional closed and costly prison regimes, this paper will examine the concept of self-sufficient prisons. An investigation will be made into the history of prisons which have done or still do operate under a self-sufficient ethos and an analysis of the consequential benefits and/or potential disadvantages will be carried out. Throughout the paper in-depth consideration will also be given to any relationship which research has found to exist between a prison based on self-sufficient ideals and rehabilitation. Furthermore, in weighing up the findings reached from this investigation, the viability of self-sufficient prisons realistically operating in New Zealand will be explored and any possible limitations which could hinder their success will be acknowledged. Self-sufficient prison model When confronted with the phrase self-sufficient prison, several different interpretations can be drawn as to what exactly this entails. Firstly, from an economic perspective the term self-sufficient prison represents a prison which operates with the primary goal of counteracting its running costs and even generating profits through inmate labour and production. A prison encapsulating this understanding often runs similarly to a traditional closed prison but inmates participate in working during their sentences, rather than simply idly passing the time away in cells. An example of this type of self-sufficiency can be seen at Louisiana State Penitentiary(Angola). Formed in 1835, this prison was based around the concept of inmates working and in 1880 an 8,000 acre plantation was bought to fulfil this ideal. Today, it is the biggest maximum security prison in the United States, it also has been designed on self-sufficient principles, being said to function as a small community with a can ning factory, a dairy, a mail system, a small ranch, repair shops, and a sugar mill. Colloquially known as the farm, it is situated on 18,000 acres, with approximately 5000 inmates whom work to produce enough food to support over 11,000 people throughout five different prisons in the State. The resources which come from the land are used for the benefit of inmates and benefit the community. Prison warden Bruce Cain describes the prison today by stating we all work together. Were all one. Our resources are their resources. (Auzenne Williams, 2010, p.1). Another way to interpret prison self-sufficiency is to understand it as an environment where prisoners have the opportunity provide for themselves, within the compound of a supportive correctional facility. Although still attempting to offset financial costs, the focus of such a prison is on achieving a community like existence where inmates have an element of independence, enabling them to cook, clean, work and essentially be self-sufficient. In unison with the prisoners self-sufficiency the prison would operate sustainably through adopting environmentally friendly practices which are in harmony with nature, impacting as little possible on its surrounds. This would involve energy efficient strategies being implemented such as the use of solar panels to provide hot water and heating, water conservation, reductions in transportation fuel use and high efficiency lightning and appliances. As well as that, recycling, composting and waste reduction would be of focus. Ultimately this under standing of the phrase self-sufficient prison, can be defined as a correctional facility which seeks to reduce the human, environmental and economic costs of prison. Currently, there is only one real example of a prison operating completely in line with this understanding of prison self-sufficiency. Located in Norway, on an island in the Oslo Fiord is Bastoy prison. Designed to operate as a small self-sufficient community this prison encompasses the spirit and meaning of self-sufficiency to the fullest. It not only has one of the lowest reoffending rates in the world at 16%, but is also the most cost efficient prison in the whole of Norway (Sutter, 2012). Housing up to 115 inmates, numerous buildings spread over a rural landscape and just as in any other community there is shop, library, information office, health services, church, school, NAV (government social services), dock and ferry service all located within the prison, for the inmates use. Each day inmates at Bastoy work between the hours of 8.30 am and 3.00 pm in one of various different work units, including ; the agricultural sector, the greenhouses, the forestry unit , seed and grass p roduction, the kitchen, the shop, the maintenance unit, on the fishing boat or running the ferry. (Bastoy Prison, 2012). The work they do not only allows the prison to run self-sufficiently and earn the inmates a small wage, but it also fulfils their daily existence. Bastoy instils a sense of community, reality and independence, three aspects which are key to the rehabilitation of inmates. Other aspects which separate Bastoy from traditionally run prisons and contribute to its self-sufficient existence include an absence of intimidation and scare mongering from guards, whom are unarmed and do not wear uniforms. Instead, guards are thoroughly trained to safely and purposefully interact with prisoners and just as the prisoners do, they become part of the Bastoy community. The prison is also committed to being environmentally sustainable. It is run under human-ecological values, farming is ecological, the prison handles most of its own rubbish, there is a constant focus on minimizing CO2-emissions and the buildings are heated from solar panels or the wood they grow and process themselves (Bastoy Prison, 2012). The current Governor of the prison is extremely dedicated to the self-sufficient methods instilled on the island, even living there himself. His passion is demonstrated in this quote where he states; The prison is self-sustaining and as green as possible in terms of recycling, solar panels and using horses instead of cars. It means that the inmates have plenty to do and plenty of contact with nature the farm animals, wildlife, the fresh air and sea. We try to teach inmates that they are part of their environment and that if you harm nature or your fellow man it comes back to you (Prison Governor, Arne Kvernvik Nilsen quoted in Hernu, 2011). Some would say these are words of a man completely deranged. His views and methods of running a prison are the polar opposite to the traditional closed, harsh and costly regimes so commonly seen throughout westernised society. Regardless of opinion, one significant factor remains, this prison is working, in all sense of the meaning. History of self-sufficiency and prisons In 1787 Jeremy Bentham called for prisons to become mills for grinding rogues honest and idle men industrious (Reynolds, 1996). He was not alone in this way of thinking and across the United States incarceration came to be more and more industrious as prisons realised the value of the workforce they had at their disposal. In 1797, Newgate prison opened in New York City and successfully it recouped nearly all of its expenses during the first five years of the operation through prisoner production. The Auburn system named after another New York prison producing superior economic results, dominated U.S. prison culture from 1823. The basis of the Auburn system was to confine prisoners at night but have them come together and work during the day (Reynolds, 1996). For centuries the American prison system sought to function self-sufficiently and according to research conducted by Lyons (2012) the existence of prison farms acted not only as an economically viable way of sufficing prison popu lations, but also functioned as a disciplinary and rehabilitative work program crucial to the 19th century penitentiary. With the successes of working prisons also came criticism, primarily in the form of complaints about unfair competition from prison-made products being created in the public market. Allegations of abuse were also made, accusing prisons of exploiting inmates and concerns were raised over the security of the public. All three criticisms increased political pressure and worked in creating legislative changes. Self-sufficiency as a key element of the penitentiary system was being challenged and continued to be phased out. During the last two decades incarceration in the United States has become increasingly privatised, commercialised and run in favour of corporate profit. Companies such as Aramark and many other suppliers have made substantial profits, through providing prisons with food and other products. Between 1993 and 2000 alone, the US food service industry gen erated 36 billion dollars in profit through contracts with correctional facilities (Lyons, 2012). For over 100 years Canada has had six successfully operating prison farms (Frontenac, Pittsburgh, Westmorland, Riverbend, Rockwood, and Bowden). However, in 2009, the Canadian Corrections Department began taking action towards phasing out the farms, claiming deficits of around four million per annum and suggesting money used to run the farms could be better put into public safety. There has been no proof provided to support such claims of ineffectiveness and those involved with the farms argue this is not the case, with the farms in fact being extremely positive correctional operations. In response to the news of closing the farm community members, correctional officers and ex inmates themselves came together in the national Save Our Prison Farms campaign. The campaign seeks to stall the closure of the prison farms in order to provide non-governmental experts time to collect evidence of the farms viability and benefits (Lyons, 2012). In the United Kingdom prison farm closures began t aking place several years ago. Between 2002 and 2005 the prison service significantly reduced its farming regime from having twenty-three farms, to only the current five. Those currently in operation include; North Sea Camp, Prescoed, Hewell, East Sutton Park and Kirkham but between them only provide a mere 92 inmate work opportunities. They are run on a small scale with no real emphasis of self-sufficiency and have become more about training than anything else (Ministry of Justice, 2010). Although it would appear self-sufficiency in prison is becoming a redundant concept, there are places which are embracing it and achieving successful results. As mentioned above, Bastoy prison in Norway is the quintessential example of an operational self-sufficient prison which is demonstrating the immense value such a prison can have. The origins of Bastoy stem from a Scandinavian ethos of open and active prisons which have throughout time been based on the principle that prisons should be no more arduous than a loss of liberty and be as normal to daily life on the outside as possible. The idea of prison farms began in Finland in the 1930s, with a new type of labour colony being introduced to the Finnish prison system in 1946. Inmates have always been and still are paid according to the normal wage, it would also not be uncommon for prisoners to be paying taxes, buying food, giving money to their family, to their victims and saving for their release. Open prisons hold between 20 % (Sweden) to 40 % (Denmark) of the Scandinavian prison population and in nearly all cases when a prisoner is reaching the end of their sentence they will be moved to an open prison. Communal style living is largely adopted in these facilities, with some prisons being entirely self-catering and for the most part those at an open prison will be working during the day (Pratt, 2008). Most recently, the environmental sustainability of prisons has drawn attention, with concerns being raised about the ecological footprint of corrections and also because of the rehabilitative value green initiatives can have. Just in 2011, the US Department of Justice released the publication The Greening of Corrections: Creating a Sustainable System, a document which outlines sustainable practices, principles and identifies examples of programs and management strategies which can be implemented to create self-sustaining correctional facilities. The focus throughout the document is on the long term goal of limiting the financial and human costs of prisons. Methods outlined to achieve this goal are the reduction of energy and resource use, engaging inmates with beneficial work experiences as well as giving education and training (US Department of Justice, 2011). An organisation going forth and putting these ideals into practice is the Sustainability in Prisons Project. Operating as a partnership between Washington State Corrections and Evergreen College they seek to make prisons more environmentally sustainable and in turn economically efficient. Currently four Washington State correctional centres are operating in unison with the project; Cedar Creek, Stafford Creek, Mission Creek and Washington Corrections Centre for Women. Each are participating in varying programs which include; endangered animal protection, insects and plants, water and energy conservation, motorless lawn mowing, a dog rescue initiative, butterfly rehabilitation program, recycling, composting, organic gardening, a horticulture greenhouse, beekeeping, water catchment basins, low-flush toilets, tree planting and wild land fire fighting. Advantages/Disadvantages When analysing the concept of self-sufficient prisons, there are both advantageous and disadvantageous aspects which need to be acknowledged to gain a complete understanding of the viability of such a prison model. In firstly examining the potential benefits to come from a self-sufficient environment, one of primary significance is the possibility of self-sufficient practices being able to reduce prison expenditure. A change as simple as removing state issued clothing and uniforms could save millions of dollars. Building on this, if prisoners are taking care of themselves, there is consequently less of a need to employ staff to do things such as cooking, cleaning, farming, gardening and maintenance jobs. Having inmates produce and harvest their own food could allow for even greater savings. According to Breslin (2012), if the United States were to enact a policy which required prisons to utilise their own food sources through the operation of self-sufficient farms, prison spending co uld be reduced by $1.7 billion each year. Lyons (2012) similarly supports this notion and she uses the Florida Department of Corrections as a case example. In 2001 they ended a history of prison farming and contracted Aramark to provide all the food needed to Floridas prisons. This was in an attempt to save money, but six years later costs were only increasing by millions of dollars. Costs could only be reduced through a change in prisoners lifestyles, but also through sustainably modifying prison facilities. Buildings can be constructed or altered to be environmentally sustainable. This would include among other things, installing solar panels, composting and recycling plants and farming ecologically. Putnamville medium security facility in Indiana has recently implemented several green initiatives, such as; using a wood chipper that fuels a wood-burning furnace (saving $1.25 million per year), recycling cans, bottles, paper, and other material which in turn saves them around $150, 000 each month (Couch, 2012). An equally valuable advantage of the self-sufficient prison regime is the potential benefit to inmate health, both mentally and physically. Lyons (2012) noted that through being able to exercise, to breath in fresh air, and to simply get outside the confines of cement and barbed wire inmates would be healthier and emotional pressures associated with the harsh prison environment would be abridged. More specifically the mental health of prisoners could be aided through having the intellectual stimulation of actually taking part in meaningful activity, such as harvesting food for their own tables or chopping wood to keep them warm. Successfully completing jobs could also increase the sense of self pride in inmates, seeing they can achieve and successfully live independently. Physical advantages are just as evident, working is obviously a form of exercise and through growing their own organic produce dietary needs would be likely to be met in turn reducing the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes, all conditions stemming from unhealthy eating patterns. Additionally, with an increase in the overall health of inmates, money would be saved on prison medical services (Breslin, 2012). Correlations have been drawn between a better quality of living and the improved behaviour and conduct of inmates. When interviewed about life inside Bastoy, an inmate tractor driver said in closed prison I was locked up for 23 hours a day, so Im really happy with this job. I am treated very well here and in return I will treat them very well also (Hernu, 2011).   A US post-release employment project study found prison conduct among inmates who had taken part in work, vocational or apprenticeship programs was better than that of otherwise similar prisoners (Reynolds, 1996). Related to having the opportunity to work and live self-sufficiently in prison is the education and vocational skills prisoners could learn. As suggested by Lyons(2012), the job and life skills that inmates learn through farming, teamwork, time management and having responsibility can be applicable to any type of future work. In now turning to the potential downfalls of the self-sufficient model, the most notable disadvantage is the safety risk an open style of prison poses. Internally there is an increased risk of danger to both inmates and officers safety and externally there is a greater risk of endangerment of the public due to more opportunities for escape. Firstly, if inmates are openly living and working with each other there are going to be vast opportunities for violence and abuse to take place, especially when tools which could be used as weapons are involved. Constant movement would make it harder for guards to keep track of inmates, whereas when in a cell all day constant monitoring can occur. Secondly, guards would be more susceptible to harm in an environment where there is frequent close interaction between themselves and inmates. Trust is so heavily relied upon in a community based self-sufficient model that if this was abused there could be dire consequences. The possibility of threats to public safety could also be said to increase, as with more freedom come more chances to escape and be at large in general society. A risk associated directly with working in prison is the exploitation of inmates. Frequently outlined in prison research as a significant disadvantage of prison farms; this concern lies in the possibility of production becoming more important than any other factor, including the welfare of the prisoners who can become subject to hard labour and little else. There have been numerous situations where agricultural work in prison has been the catalyst of degrading and unhealthy working conditions exposing inmates to disease, physical violence and abusive practices (Lucko, 2007). For some, the idea of prisoners living in a community like environment, which includes recreational time and the opportunity to live a life based on normality, would fall short in serving the retributive role prisons are traditionally expected to provide. Victims and their families may feel this alternative model of prison does not adequately punish perpetrators for the crimes they have committed against them. Monetary exploitation can also occur through inmates being extremely under paid for their labour when working on farms, building furniture or assembling products for giant multi-national corporations who can make additional profits at the expense of prisoners. Resulting from this is the possibility of large corporations like Microsoft or McDonalds engaging in the practice of utilising prison labour and gaining an unfair advantage over their competitors (Smith and Hattery, 2006). Rehabilitation and self-sufficient prisons If we have created a holiday camp for criminals here, so what? We should reduce the risk of reoffending, because if we dont, whats the point of punishment, except for leaning toward the primitive side of humanity? (Arne Kvernvik Nilsen, quoted in Sutter, 2012). This quote demonstrates the strong rehabilitative views of Bastoys prison director, who currently heads the prison with lowest reoffending rate in Europe. He strongly believes in the theory that if inmates are eventually going to end up being somebodys neighbour, everything possible should be done to enhance rehabilitation and ultimately prevent future crime. The proof of his beliefs becoming a reality are evident in the correlations which can be drawn between the self-sufficient and open environment at Bastoy and the mere 16% reoffending rate. In attempting to ascertain whether any particular element of the self-sufficient regime is more effective than another in reducing reoffending, each of the main facets of the concept will be examined below. A vast amount of support has been given for the effectiveness of farming and/or working in prisons. Lyons (2012) suggests that there are two main steps which need to be taken for the cycle of criminality to be broken. The first, individual empowerment and the second, being able to find work upon release. Farming she believes is a proven success in helping prisoners to achieve both. To get a real perspective on farming as a rehabilitative tool Lyons (2012) interviewed a former correctional officer from a Canadian prison farm. In their opinion prison farming is the single-most successful rehabilitation program they have seen to exist, and that in their thirty years working with the program they did not see one case of violent reoffending amongst prisoners who had been involved. Another aspect of the self-sufficient philosophy being explored here is the openness this type of prison has. In contrast to the more traditional closed ideal where prisoners spend a vast majority of their time behind bars, in an open style prison inmates are faced with everyday decisions on constant basis. Bastoy governor Nilsen suggests that at Bastoy the openness of the prison allows for inmates to learn and be taught how to make the right decisions and essentially become better people. He compares this to in a closed prison where prisoners are mostly removed from interactive encounters and situations requiring cognitive thinking. This he refers to as treating prisoners like animals or robots (Sutter, 2012). In a conventional prison in which inmates have no freedom and are not involved with work or farming, it is too often the case that the system literally closes the door in the face of the inmate. It is surely absurd to really believe that this will be beneficial, especially in terms of rehabilitation. Being given the personal responsibility of a job in prison and becoming a part of a working environment has the potential for prisoners to increase self-respect, as well as respect for others such as the system which would be supporting instead of disregarding them. When describing the effect Bastoys open prison has had on inmates, Nilsen refers to opportunities inmates have here to do more than just sit in a cell all day. They look at themselves in the mirror, and they think, I am s***. I dont care. I am nothing,' he said. This prison, he says, gives them a chance to see they have worth, to discover, Im not such a bad guy (Nilsen quoted in Sutton, 2012). The ecological focus of a self-sufficient prison model not only contributes to a sustainable environment, but has also been linked having to rehabilitative qualities. When daily life is spent in a safe, healthy and humane environment, on release the positive and green initiatives experienced inside can surely only be of benefit to the community on release . Research has been carried out to support such assumptions and uncover any relationships existent between living sustainably, having exposure to nature and consequential prisoner rehabilitation. Wener et al (cited in US Department of Justice, 2011) found that the effect of interaction with nature on human behaviour is improved emotional wellbeing. Similarly in a separate study conducted by Ulrich (cited in US Department of Justice, 2011) it was established that through being involved with nature aggressive tendencies and stress can both be reduced. In evaluating the value of the Sustainable Prison Project currently already action i n Washington, the Department of Justice (2011) believes that benefits of these projects are wide-ranging and encompass far more than just learning new skills. Their review of the project found improvements in; inmate self-esteem, interactions with others and the sense of purpose they had. All of which are congruent with the goal rehabilitation. With a vast amount of studies and research highlighting increases in recidivism and re-offending figures, we are faced with a significant correctional challenge. It is no longer plausible to simply argue that prison acts as a place of deterrence to those released, the statistics alone have continuously portrayed the reality that this is not working. Self-sufficient prisons in a New Zealand environment After considering the concept of self-sufficient prisons in their entirety , the viability of this alternative prison model successfully working in a New Zealand context will now be addressed. In comparing New Zealand to Norway, where a self-sufficient prison is already proving achievable, there are numerous similarities between the countries which could arguably suggest a New Zealand environment could too be compatible with this correctional method. Both countries are sparsely inhabited with populations of around four million, many of whom in both countries live as part of small rural communities of towns, rather than large sprawling cities. Norway in terms of a social and human development index is the number one ranked country, but then New Zealand is also within the top five out of 187 countries (Human Development Report, 2011). Other factors relative to this assessment include New Zealands small number of maximum security inmates, just 2.5%. The majority, or 53.8 % are in fact minimum security (Newbold, 2005). It would seem with such a large number of prisoners being of low security, the risks associated with adopting a more open and interactive model of prison to house this category of prisoners would be relatively low. We also already have the beginnings of a self-sufficient prison mentality in place. Currently in operation are various income generating ventures providing employment opportunities for prisoners, this includes; two dairy farms, three dry stock farms, one piggery, two sheep farms, three organic gardens, six nurseries, five joinery workshops, three furniture assembly workshops, a forest, three timber processing workshops, six textile workshops, three light engineering workshops, three vehicle repair garages, one compost bagging operation and central kitchens in each of New Zealands   prison s (Department of Corrections, 2012). The progression towards a model similar to Bastoy is not completely unthinkable. As outlined, New Zealand has the potential to follow the same path as Norway in adopting more sustainable practices. However, the possible limitations of New Zealands capability to introduce self-sufficient prisons cannot be ignored. One major aspect which not only differentiates New Zealand from Norway, but could also limit the success of self-sufficient prisons in this context, is culture. Negative historical relations between Maori and the State are still today at the centre of much racism, mistrust and social division and this plays a role in crime and prison culture, especially when Maori are so significantly overrepresented in our prisons. Due to the nature of the traditional system, which places blatant divides between prisoners and correctional staff, both parties can fall into viewing each other as the enemy. These attitudes would have to change and mutual trust and respect increased before any community style prison could work. The Gang culture in New Zealand and incidentally in prison creates even more division and an open style of prison may only serve to instigate fighting, allow for gang conflicts and gang domination of inmates. In Norway these types of divisions are relatively absent, primarily due to the fact Norwegians are extremely socially responsible, uniting members of society together as equals. This can especially be seen in the understanding the state, public and even the media display to those in prison, those being released and the rehabilitative purpose prison serves. Associated with this social care mentality is the time and effort that the state puts into training prison officers. In Norway they receive two years training while on full salary and once qualified their role is seen as professional (Pratt, 2007). Contrastingly, in New Zealand, officers are given a mere six weeks training and are often publically disregarded being labelled thugs or key turners far from the professionalism of Norway. Scandinavian prisons are completely run by the state, where as in New Zealand the Government has begun to contract prisons to private companies. Paying for another party to run the prison would defeat the principles behind the self-sufficient ideal. Mass unawareness can be the burden of initiative, even of something which to those informed is so obviously for the common good of society. This is arguably the case in New Zealand, where people simply havent been informed or are only given negative one-eyed images of crime as portrayed through the media. This consequently making the public as a whole more likely to be opposed to an action as liberal and forward thinking as the self-sufficient prison ideal. Another more physical consideration which could pose problems is the pure and simple fact that more crime is committed in New Zealand and the prison population is therefore larger. In New Zealand there are around 8000 inmates whilst in Norway there are only 3000. Geographically there could also be obstacles to overcome. Bastoy is uniquely located on its own island, which restricts escapes and allows for the open environment which inmates experience. Suggesting to the New Zealand public that Rangitoto for example was to be used